The Haunting a chilling film Essay Example For Students

The Haunting a chilling film Essay What procedure does Robert Wise use, especially in the initial grouping to make The Haunting (1963) a chilling film? What different highlights strike you as imperative to the movies success? There have been two significant renditions of The Haunting: one out of 1963 (the first) and another in 1999. The first form was a stunning hit and asserted nearly faction status, while the second was a failure on its initial day. It had not even close to a similar effect on people in general as the first did thirty-six years prior. The 1999 creation of the film had all the cutting edge advantages of a major financial plan, renowned Hollywood entertainers and on-screen characters and embellishments made utilizing PCs. We will compose a custom article on The Haunting a chilling film explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Indeed, even at the hour of the arrival of the first film other very notable and well known blood and gore movies, for example, Psycho utilized some very propelled embellishments and some even utilized shading film (which The Haunting isn't recorded in). The Haunting utilized dark on-screen characters and entertainers and the whole film cost almost no to make yet still appeared to show improvement over the multi-million dollar creation a few years later. The film had help in its prosperity as thrillers came into standard film around then thus this could have helped the film, as it was something new on the loathsomeness scene. It had another bend to frightfulness and even an affection subject right through added to the fervor and expectation of the film. The entire story was new to the open this film was well known later on. The film was evidence that the ghastliness shouldn't be clear or even obvious to be frightening. The film utilized this method so well that it has had a couple of movies mirror this inconspicuous awfulness in their shock creations, for example, The Blair Witch Project which was a success at the films as of late. It is additionally verification that enhancements and huge entertainers dont make the film great or especially exceptional. This is obvious from the redo, which fizzled, and utilized significantly more clear loathsomeness and embellishments, maybe to attempt to get a more extensive crowd and update the film. I feel this need not be done as the film will toward the end in people groups minds as an exemplary film and has not been changed convincingly or enhanced. The enhancements in this film are crude; there were no huge blasts and certainly no PC impacts used to attempt to make a beast. Actually not a solitary beast or phantom was found in the film which makes it unmistakably all the more chilling to watch and furthermore to consider in the wake of watching it as a result of the puzzle frequent the house pushes on its visitors. Robert Shaw utilized camera edges and exceptional lighting to accomplish the creepy pieces of his film. One extremely exceptional shot utilized is of an article falling close up and from above falling into shot. In the absolute first scene the first inhabitants are headed to the house and there is a little riff of chilling music (which is likewise significant). The truck the woman of the house is in is transformed over and collides with a tree and afterward a nearby on the truck sees her tumble from over the edge and this strategy is utilized different occasions as well. At the point when another woman of the house hangs herself you see her trip the library step and afterward a shot concentrating on the floor is interrupted by her body falling and afterward swinging from above. Toward the finish of the film one of the fundamental characters is heading out from the house and kicks the bucket in a practically careful recreation of the accident and hits a similar tree, and is trailed by a nearby and falling hand as in the past. This was extremely intentional as Shaw was attempting to show that with the spooky house nothing changes and likely never will. .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .postImageUrl , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:hover , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:visited , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:active { border:0!important; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:active , .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-improvement: underline; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-design: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40 . focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uaeccc161dbb2202c273729c735482c40:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: A correlation of the energized films EssayThe camera edges have a voyeuristic look to them as though every individual in the house is being viewed from above or from an entryway and as the lighting is so dull they could be viewing from anyplace. The primary instances of this are as though the tenants are being viewed from a window in the house and from a gallery inside. Close up shots have a significant impact to the film as they give a scale to the house during the film and as referenced above, are a decent method to terrify a group of people. The lighting is significant. The house is faintly lit and the dull nearly appears to wrap the guests to the house. It generally is by all accounts evening in the house, making an extremely ageless condition. The house from the outside has a desolate sky and dim windows that just adds to the threatening look to the building. The earliest reference point of the film provides you some insight into what is to come, generally through the music. It utilizes profound bass and high pitch violins to speak to the ghastliness of the house and the music is tangled and sounds practically disordered with its jittery and unexpected shocks of high shouts from violins supported by low dreadful tones from bass sounding instruments. In the middle of these bars of frightful music are delicate tones, which are suggestive of an old love melody giving a knowledge to a potential relationship in the house, which unequivocally rises through the repulsiveness encompassing the house. The primary impacts in the film are the hauntings, which are for the most part down toâ good going about as the responses of the on-screen characters to an uproarious blast and moderate turning entryway handles truly are the chill behind the clamor, their responses are so frightful to watch they cause the watcher to feel terrified. The entertainers use sentiments of dread to alarm and its the shout of the ladies and not the scratching at the entryway which causes the stun, as the frequent isn't generally noticeable, it is normally an inclination of unadulterated dread to the tenants. The physical frequents are likewise terrible, as the clamor from them can be extremely upsetting. A childs crying is chilling in obscurity and being distant from everyone else in a room where the entryway handles are being turned gradually is more terrible when you cannot see or even know whats behind it. Shaw utilizes the puzzle to terrify, despite the fact that it is more unpretentious than certain me thods of frightening individuals, it works similarly also if worse. The landscape has a significant influence in the film, utilizing exceptionally prevailing sculptures and antiquated adornments includes a staggering sentiment of being viewed (alongside the camera work). The film has a special structure and uses love relations and detest relations between the characters to help the story line. The way Shaw utilizes the considerations of one of the characters is a significant and great method of getting over the perspective of this one character. She is significant in the film and she feels the house has singled her out as she has physic controls and is profoundly terrified by the passing of her mom. She is sent into franticness by the house, giving the watcher an understanding into how the house influences the individuals in it. This was a unique curve to the film and gave it an edge. The characters picked were an advantage for the film, the climate between them offered insights to their pasts and their sentiments, as the gathering get to know one another the air turns out to be explicitly charged as the content recommends an affection triangle with attractions between the group. These things all add to the film to make it unique and astounding film, its new and historic recording and composing make this film a once in a blue moon film which can never be replicated in such a manner as has been demonstrated by its ongoing revamp.

What are the challenges associated with introducing e-learning within Essay

What are the difficulties related with presenting e-learning inside associations - Essay Example The accessibility and the straightforward entry to the electronic assets have added new measurements to corporate preparing. Organizations have been compelled to adjust to the continually and quickly evolving world. Worldwide exchange and showcasing condition require change yet change dissolves control and forestalls the foundation of business as usual. The creation forms and the promoting procedure should be supplanted. Organizations who advance will endure. The pace at which innovation is changing is overpowering and it is basic to form the workers as needs be or miss out. The kind of preparing, the pace and the methods for preparing have all experienced a change (Byers, 2005). The new sources presently urge an association to grasp e-realizing which infers better approaches to help and convey preparing. E-adapting otherwise called PC based learning or online separation instructions alludes to the organized, PC empowered learning did by people or gatherings over the web or interior system (Isoph, 2004). E-learning conveys without a moment to spare preparing for individuals when they need it (Sullivan, 2002). E-learning conveys proficient answers for building up the staff and keeping them side by side of new patterns and advances; it permits at work and self-guided preparing. E-learning materials can be routinely refreshed and distributed right away. E-learning gives an assortment of segments that together make up an all out learning arrangement †inbuilt tests permits the workers to test their own aptitudes; learning the executives frameworks (LMS) empowers them and their administrators to keep tabs on their development (E-learning Forge, 2007). By and by, chiefs and educators are confronting new difficulties in arranging e-learning. Task administrators need to consider and plan staggered arrangements, distinguish and fulfill the partners associated with all periods of the instructional structure process and go to the standards proposed in the writing (Villachia et al., 2004 ref ered to by Byers, 2005). Any

Using Tracking to Make the Most of Your Site Visitor Behaviour

Using Tracking to Make the Most of Your Site Visitor Behaviour Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Using Tracking to Make the Most of Your Site Visitor BehaviourUpdated On 05/04/2018Author : Ram kumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/2IvJd2j CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogTo keep a leg up on your competitors, you need to know what people are doing on your site.If you don’t have appropriate tracking in place on your site, now’s the time to get it. Not knowing how visitors are behaving once their visit your site is only going to hurt you. You could be monetizing basic visitor actions that would make you thousands of dollars if you were only paying attention.Here we’ll discuss a few free, basic analysis programs available for your website, and how you can best utilize the information they can provide.Google Analytics and Webmaster ToolsGoogle provides some very useful, and very free tools that could help you make the most out of the various elements on your website.Google Search Console (Webmaster Tools)With this powerful tool on your website, you can get an SEO analysis of various page factors, as well as an idea of where you stand in SEO rankings. It’s relatively simple to install on your site and will give you a lot of insight.Google AnalyticsThis tool is even more useful, in that it will show you how users are interacting with various parts of your website. Google Analytics is the easy to use, and free option that is worth a look. In fact, it is currently the most popular web analytics tool used according to Wikipedia and is used by some of the most successful websites around to keep track of their online presence.Using Analytics, you can take a look at how long users stay on a page, what sources are giving you the most clicks, and what pages users are “bouncing” from, or leaving, quickly. With this knowledge, you’ll be able to make changes and improvements to your web page that are consistent with your conversion goa ls.While Google Analytics success essentially lies in its use of fairly simple technology to accomplish the task. Primarily it uses JavaScript, time-stamped cookies, and an implementation code called ga.js. This allows the data to be collected and tracked, as well as analyzed.Another tool worth looking into is Wassup for WordPress. Wassup is advertised as a “real-time” WordPress plugin, allowing you to take a look at visitor source and the visitor’s path through the website as they browse. Google Analytics and many other analytics tools take a while to process visitor information and display that to you on your dashboard. Wassup claims to take the time out of that process by giving you real-time visitor info.I Have the Tools â€" Now What?If you have Google Analytics or other tracking services in place, your first step is to wait and gather some data. After a few weeks, you should have an idea of how users are behaving once on your site.READTop 5 Tips For Working With Freelance rsBegin by viewing the different reports available in the interface you’re using, and ask yourself what that tells you about your users. Is there a certain page, or a certain part of your conversion process, where you’re losing the most users? Do you find that people spend more time on some pages than others?All this you can find out through using this tool and understand why it happens and fix the problems.One of the benefits of Google Analytics is that there are multiple ways to analyze your data. It offers reports that are customizable depending on the type of data you want to know, and how you want it displayed. It is also very functional with other types of software that you may already be using, or that are part of your web host’s control panel; a feature not often found with free analytics tools.Another feature that makes this an excellent free web traffic tracking option is its ability to not only track direct web traffic, but related traffic, such as hits from social networking sites like MySpace and Facebook, as well as through multimedia search for your site’s images and videos, and even more importantly, search engine hit results.Another great feature of Google Analytics is both the free and paid support options they offer to help maximize your web traffic. Their site has an extensive Help Centre that contains numerous articles and blogs from industry and Google experts that help you use the product. They also have an active User’s Forum where you can write down your questions and receive the answers very quickly.They also offer email and telephone support if needed; a rare service in the world of free online business. If you require more professional, or intensive help in analyzing your web traffic data, or with your search engine optimization and web marketing strategies, Google Analytics also offers paid services from authorized consultants.Google Analytics does offer a great product and service; however, there are a few limitations th at should be kept in mind, especially if it will be used as your only web analytics tool. Google Analytics can often be easily blocked by privacy software that block or deletes tracking cookies. This, however, is the primary issue with most tracking software available, and it certainly does not affect the overall rating of this web analytics tool in general.Overall, Google Analytics is a highly useful tool that all webmasters and web marketing professionals should seriously consider.

The Manson The Murder Of Hollywood Star - 1499 Words

harles Manson was born on November 12,1934 in Ohio. He is known for his notorious killings of Hollywood star ( Biography 1). He was interviewed by Tom Snyder about his life before and after he was prosecuted for the crimes he committed. The relationship between the interviewer, Snyder, and Manson caused the interview to lose its credibility. Even Though serial killers are inimical, the interview denies their sociological factors and external events that make a serial killer. Rather Snyder, rejects their essential humanness. An interview should allow the interviewee to demonstrate the real them however, Snyder intentionally tried to get Manson to react negatively to his questions. In the interview, both Snyder and Manson insulted one another while asking and answering questions. While asking a question at the beginning of the interview, Snyder identified Manson as a â€Å"maniac†. This comment was made to make Manson become angry and show his evil side. This caused the interview to be what Snyder wanted because it demonstrated how immoral serial killers are. The interviewer wanted the audience to retain the thought that serial killers are evil and have no compassion for other humans. The arguing caused the interview to lose its credibility. Rather than focusing on the question, Manson would focus on Snyder’s insults. This made it difficult to conduct an effective interview because the interviewee was more focused on what was being said and not processing what was asked. ThisShow MoreRelatedEssay on Biography of Charles Manson 1359 Words   |  6 PagesCharles Manson was the leader and founder of the cult the Manson Family or The Family, a g roup of people well known for being serial killers in the late 1960’s. It was believed that they were associated with cult-quasi-religious groups, that came about in the 1960’s and they are still here today. They believe they know what the future of the planet is, when it will end, and how. 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Literary Elements Of Autobiography - 746 Words

Memoirs are stories that skip around peoples lives and detail events that occurred. They can be used as a way to teach a lesson and tell a story. In my memoir I used literary elements to show what lesson I learned. In my memoir about being quarterback for a game I used in medias res, vivid verbs, sensory details, figurative language, and dialogue. I was able to apply these elements to make my memoir more action packed and interesting story. I created an engaging memoir by using specific writing strategies to convey how one should always be willing to try something new. I created an engaging hook by using in medias res to show how the situation was created. I used in medias res in the beginning of my memoir when I started it with â€Å"I ran†¦show more content†¦I used literary elements to convey my lesson of always be willing to try something new. The most effective literary element I used was figurative language because I was able to compare what being like a quarterback was like and the feeling I got. An example of when I used figurative language is when I was talking about my first few plays in practice and said â€Å"I ran back to the huddle and called out the play, I was a monster controlling the game†(Page 1). I used this analogy because being quarterback was like being the biggest person on the field and having control of the game, being able to decide what happens and having a major impact on the final score of the game. The literary elements I used helped to show the reader the deeper meaning of my memoir. By using writing strategies like literary elements I was able to express how one should be willing to try something new. 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The Counterculture Of The Early 1960 S - 1731 Words

The counterculture of the early 1960’s and 70’s in Western society comprised a major occurrence of people’s traditional beliefs differing. Points of view considering the rights of women, race relations (notably, the African American Civil Rights Movement), the war in Vietnam and â€Å"hippie culture† (experimenting in psychoactive drugs especially) in particular altered dramtically. The Stonewall Riots took place during the early hours of the 28th of June 1969 at the Stonewall Inn, a pub that was owned by the Mafia at the time, in New York City. These riots were in retaliation to police raids in gay bars that were considered routine back then. A number of incidents were happening simultaneously. There was no one thing that happened or one person, there was just... a flash . . . of mass anger. - Gay rights activist, Craig Rodwell They have become the defining event that marked the beginning of the gay rights movement in the United States and around the world. Up until then their request were more or less blatantly dismissed. Homosexuals have known to be imprisoned, sent to psychiatric institutions and outcast because in that era homosexuality was considered a mental illness by the American Psychiatric Association and had been for almost a century; this was reconsidered December 15, 1974. It was the gays’ turn to gain their rights. They were determined and weren’t going to let anything no matter how big or small get in their way. The Gay Rights Movement wasShow MoreRelatedHenry David Thoreau and the Counterculture1357 Words   |  6 Pagesand the Counterculture, asserting the existence of an ideal spiritual reality that transcends the empirical and scientific and is knowable through intuition. Imagination and individuality are associated with the term. Henry David Thoreau who was a leading philosopher and poet was a leading transcendentalist. 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Against Prostitution Paper free essay sample

Theodore Roosevelt once said â€Å"[to] educate a person in the mind but not in morals is to educate a menace to society†. Teddy was a wise and moral man; one should take his advice when coming to a timely and moral decision such as the one with prostitution. Prostitution is an act that is detrimental to the self-dignity and morals that all humans should have, regardless of religion. Morals are the basis of humanity, without them, humans would be nothing more than supremely intelligent savages. By allowing the injustice of prostitution to reign prevalent, we would be inching closer to an emotionless and moral-lacking creature that one sees in science fiction. Prostitution should be illegal because it will increase STD rates, it promotes human trafficking, and because it is degrading to women. There are three types of slavery in this world; emotional, mental, and physical. Prostitution manages to utilize all three, thus confirming its dangerous nature. Human trafficking is done to force human beings into prostitution to make money; therefore legalizing prostitution will only further encourage human trafficking. Richard Poulin,(Professor at the University of Montreal), found that in countries where prostitution is legal; the majority of the prostitutes are foreigners with no papers, making them largely suspects of being sex slaves (Poulin). Take Amsterdam for example, where research shows that eighty percent of the prostitutes there are foreigners, and seventy percent of them have no papers (Poulin). This indicates that the majority of the prostitutes there are victims of human trafficking. Another point is that since prostitution is legal in some countries, then that country would attract more tourists who are seeking sexual services; in turn leading to a higher demand for prostitutes, simultaneously encouraging human-trafficking (Dorchen). It is very clear then that the legalization of prostitution will lead to a whole new wave of slaves in the worst form. There is an estimated 110 million cases of STDs in the United States, and those numbers are increasing every day (CDC). STDs are some of the terrible consequences of lust, and if that lust were to increase there is no telling how amplified STD rates would be. By legalizing prostitution, sex will become an excessive part of life, brothels would become the harbor for disease ready to spread. As the World Health Organization pointed out, the main way of transmitting the HIV disease is through prostitutes and the men who sleep with them, also in turn affecting the men’s wives and babies (JRSM 319). Furthermore, evidence from a controlled experiment regarding prostitutes and venereal diseases; found that out of the sample size, only around eleven percent of prostitutes are STD free (Chambers 69). The reality is that promiscuity will be encouraged if prostitution is legal, inevitably leading to a surge in STD rates never before seen. Women like Jane Addams and Alice Paul once fought very hard to destroy the old notion of inequality towards women; with the legalization of prostitution, these great women’s vision will be severely tainted. Women are presumably the backbone of prostitution, because of that the pimps that run prostitution rings typically will do anything to keep their women doing this degrading job. By legalizing prostitution, one would be degrading women, seeing how they are the brunt of the of prostitution industry. Recent statistics in the United Kingdom show that sixty three percent of women prostitutes experience violence, and seventy five percent of those prostitutes had been physically assaulted by their pimps (AVA). One could assume that in the United States those statistics are similar but the proportion is way larger here as well. All in all, prostitution only leads to women being cruelly controlled, and abused. Many argue that prostitution is beneficial to the economy, while this may be true, that is not justification at all. The opposition believes that many women need these jobs in order to survive, and that the legalization will lead to an increase in clientele who spend more money and boosting the economy. However to those people who believe economic benefits should be the sole proprietor in this decision, one should ask if they would support the fateful night of kristallnacht carried out by the Nazis, surely that worked out well for non-Jews economically. Society could sacrifice a lot of the morals that are instilled, and it could very well begin with the perception of prostitution, but it will not end there if one continues to search for unethical means of stimulating the economy. As Virada Somswasdi (President for FORWARD) puts it, One needs to completely rid oneself of the voracity for cash to see that prostitution, although legalized, can never be a legitimate business because it will always be associated with crime, corruption, class, mass sexual exploitation and human trafficking (Procon. org). Although the opposition sees the hollow value in prostitution, it is not a sufficient reason for legalization due to its absence of consideration morally; therefore their argument should be disregarded considering the United States is a country of ethics resembling upon the laws. Secondly, the opposition also believes that by legalizing prostitution, organized crime will drop, this is true but only according to misinformed laws. The opposition believes that it is quite simple, one makes it legal and the â€Å"bad guys† suddenly will flush out. Technically by law the â€Å"bad guy† becomes a businessman or a manager; however those people although labeled differently are still the same old crooks that they always have been. Organized crime will in actuality become more prevalent if prostitution is legalized, because the businesses will be run by criminals. Let us take Amsterdam for example, where the local police and the mayor have acknowledged that the red-light district has become a haven for crime and corruption such as human trafficking, money laundering, and formations of gangs marketing very young girls (Bindel). This acknowledgement by authorities in Amsterdam sends a serious red flag because it proves the notion that only criminals are involved with this sick business; legalizing prostitution would be encouraging criminals to commit injustices. With all that being said, the opposition’s stance would be counterproductive to what they really want to accomplish. Lastly, many argue that prostitution is a victimless crime that harms nobody; however that is a ludicrous assumption. The thinking behind the opposition’s stance is that since prostitution involves two consenting adults then it does not hurt anybody. Prostitution is the selling of human bodies for a profit; therefore that naturally does damage to the victims which in this case are the prostitutes. According to Torontonian Valerie Scott in reference to legal brothels, At the brothel, [you] [are] regularly forced to have free sex with the manager and any of his friends, and you [do] [not] have the right of refusal. If your client demands a particular type of sex [you] [are] not comfortable with, you have to do it anyway. In my mind, [that] [is] sexual assault she says (Doll). Right she is, it seems like although legal, prostitution on a continual basis violates human rights. Additionally, in a study of 475 people in prostitution sixty-two percent of prostitutes reported being raped, seventy-three percent reported being physically assaulted, and ninety-two percent said they wanted to escape immediately (Rapeis. org). This all makes it very difficult to believe that prostitution is a â€Å"victimless crime†, especially when the majority of them want to escape; therefore the opposition’s contention is void as well. Works Cited

Pride And Prejudice Essays (468 words) - Fiction, Literature, Film

Pride and Prejudice The passage which best relates the theme of Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austin, is on page 125, in the middle of the page. This is where Mr. Darcy is proposing to Elizabeth, and is informing her of the inferiority of her family and connections. This passage is significant because it is one of the few times where the characters openly acknowledge that the sole purpose of a person's life is to achieve a high salary and a high social position. It is evident from every point of the story that all people care about is marrying into a higher social rank. And even for those who are comfortable with their current status, it is imperative that they only marry someone of at least equivalent rank. This idea possesses every character in the story and seems to motivate every action that is taken. The superficiality of this idea goes so far as to break the bonds of love. Darcy is willing to insult a girl as he is proposing to her, just to inform her of the what he has to go through in order to stoop to someone of her level. Regardless of what Darcy thought his chances were at acceptance, he was still addressing a girl that barely knows him, and actually dislikes him. That is not a situation where insults are likely to bring results. This point is compounded because Elizabeth only gets slightly insulted by this comment. Her initial refusal of Darcy was based almost totally on his actions towards Jane and Bingley's relationship, and his treatment of Mr. Wickham. However, she is barely perturbed by this comment of Darcy regarding her family. This is so strange because one would expect Elizabeth to at least be equally mad for personal insults as well as for what was done to others. Pride and Prejudice ends with Elizabeth and Darcy each overcoming their anger against each other, and falling in love. However, this touching scene is ruined because of the appearance of Lady Catherine. She demands Elizabeth to marry Darcy, and tells Darcy that it would look very negatively on his family if he were to marry someone as "low class" as Elizabeth. So even one's family is willing to break up "true love" in order to maintain rank. This theme runs throughout the entire story and really destroys the entire thing. Other stories, such as Romeo and Juliet, have the same sort of "forbidden" marriages, and since those arrive out of real situations, they add more interest to the story. Here, it is simply prejudice by rich people against poorer people, which only detracts from the writing. So while this theme may have existed in reality during Jane Austen's lifetime, it should not have been included in the story.

Michelangelos David - Critque essays

Michelangelo's David - Critque essays This is a massive statue. Although the art textbooks and guidebooks generally say that "The David" is 434 centimeters (14' 3") tall without its pedestal, computer scientists have determined this famous sculpture, is actually three feet taller. Its 517 centimeters (17') tall and weighs well over nine tons! It sits on top of a six-foot pedestal. It was carved during the High Renaissance period from a block of marble that another sculptor had left unfinished. Michelangelo had been dissecting corpses for about five years at the time he made this sculpture, so some wonder why the head and hands are too large in comparison with the body. It is thought that since the statue was originally intended for the roof of the Florence Cathedral, the exaggerating the head and hands would have made them more visible from a distance. The statue was never placed there, but set instead in front of the Palazzo della Signoria, the center of government in Florence. As a result, its meaning changed. Rather t han being a religious image (it would have been one of several Old Testament figures on the cathedral), it became a symbol of the political strength of Florence against the forces of tyranny. It is possible that the artist intended the hand symbolize strength and power. Michelangelo, depicted him before the battle: a young man concentrated and determined to help his people and win the battle over Goliath. The slingshot he carries over his shoulder is almost invisible emphasizing that David's victory was one of cleverness, not sheer force. From a personal and modern point of view, I think that David is absolutely exquisite. It represents the ideal physical man. David looks so strong and virile. Michelangelo superbly and realistically captured the physically qualities that make a man's body attractive to a female eye. I believe that this work of Michelangelo's is considered a Masterwork because of it's realistic and careful a ...

Business Writing week one discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business Writing week one discussion - Assignment Example Listening with an open mind isnt always easy, but its the only way to make sure you really hear what people are telling you† (Bovee 38). Rather than approaching the communication situation with an open mind, they brought in preconceived notions. The conversation advanced with them continuing to advance the narrative that they had devised in their minds. The text indicates that communication prominently involves listening, as it is impossible to properly disseminate information without having a back and forth discussion. Ultimately, the communication event would have been more successful if my supervisor had been a more active listener and constructed her knowledge based on the conversation. My name is Birgit. I have a large number of hobbies. Undoubtedly, one of my most frequent hobbies is personal fitness. Throughout high school, I participated in a number of team sports and sort of got in the habit of being physically active. Since graduating from high school, I’ve kept up my physical activity through running every day. I also occasionally play basketball and volleyball with friends. In addition to physical activity, I am an active reader. I recently purchased an iPad so I would have to stop buying so many print books; so far I’ve read the Hunger Games trilogy and the latest Harry Potter novel. I also regularly enjoy cooking, particularly pasta. My greatest communication challenge would definitely have to be public speaking. While in front of certain audiences I am able to be engaging, in most instances I find that I am incredibly shy and slightly anxious. Another communication challenge I face is verbal tests; similar to my fear of public speaking, these instances make me highly nervous. The most effective communicator I know is my uncle. Currently, he is the general manager of a hotel in Los Angeles, California. I have visited him and witnessed how he interacts

Enterprise Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Enterprise Risk Management - Essay Example The reason lies in that it lacks the integrated approach to the management of risk which characterises enterprise risk management. It is precisely for this reason that regulators in Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, and other developed countries have issued rules and guidelines that advocate an enterprise-wide approach to risk management, further pushing many companies to adopt ERM (Kleffner, Lee and McGannon, 2003). Quite simply stated, the drive towards the adoption of ERM, as opposed to RM is due to the fact that the integrated approach adopted by the former, and which is absent within the context of the latter, is regarded as a more effective and efficient approach to risk management. With that being the case, as this research will argue, the real question relates to the reasons why more corporations do not adopt ERM, as opposed to RM. In order to properly determine the reasons why ERM is considered superior to RM, it is important to define each of the two terms. These definitions will highlight the advantages and disadvantages of either approach and allow for a greater understanding of differences between them. Enterprise risk management has become a significant topic for larg... It provides an active, vital and comprehensive modelling approach for integrating all financial decisions and risks. This includes investment decisions, borrowing policies, liability, and setting of goals (Kleffner, Lee and McGannon, 2003). The comprehensive management of risks and the adoption of an integrated approach to risk management has several benefits. An enterprise with fully diversified losses requires much less capital than an enterprise with concentrated worst-case losses. In turn, the anticipated profitability of the company is affected by the degree of diversification since a reduction in capital will increase expected profits. The goal of ERM is to maximize the firm's overall profit, while maintaining its enterprise risks at acceptable levels (Mudge, 2000). Insurance companies, for example, should analyze their major risks so that adequate capital exists at the firm level to pay insurance policyholders in the event of legitimate insured losses. The desired level of capital depends upon the severity of claims. And since these claims are a direct function of random events, the insurance company must calculate a distribution of losses for its entire operations in order to set the proper level of firm-wide capital (Doherty, 2000). Due to this, Meulbroek (2002) insists that regulatory bodies should check these systems in order to validate that the risk management strategies are reasonably well developed and consistent with current approaches and practice. The firm-wide models are also known as Dynamic Financial Analysis. An ERM system consists of three primary elements. These are 1) a stochastic model for projecting a set of scenarios of the future --the scenario

Wal-Mart Supply Chain Essay Example for Free

Wal-Mart Supply Chain Essay Wal-Mart Executive Summary With over US$444 billion in 2012 sales from operations in 27 countries, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. is the world’s largest retailer. Wal-Mart is the world’s third largest public corporation, according to the Fortune Global 500 list in 2012 and world’s biggest private employer with 2.2 million associates worldwide. Wal-Mart serves customers and members more than 200 million times per week. Wal-Mart operates under 69 different banners. Wal-Mart’s supply chain, a key enabler of its growth from its beginnings in rural Arkansas, has long considered by many to be a major source of competitive advantage for the company. In fact, when Wal-Mart was voted â€Å"Retailer of the Decade† in 1989, its distribution costs were estimated at 1.7 per cent of its cost of sales, comparing favorably with competitors such as Kmart (3.5per cent of total sales) and Sears (five per cent of total sales). Their distribution system is generally regarded as the most emphasized visibility through the sharing of information with their suppliers. Wal-Mart slipped to No. 2 in the Fortune 500 in 2011 after holding onto the top spot for two years in a row. Wal-Marts international business continues to be a source of growth for the company revenues outside the U.S. rose by 13.1% last year, to $35.5 billion. Introduction Wal-Mart has come a long way since its inception and undergone many changes on the way. Sam Walton’s initial strategy was to target low-income families in rural areas by offering significantly lower costs. Through use of  technology in distribution and supply chain logistics Wal-Mart has been able to cut costs and lower prices for end users. Wal-Mart is one of the best supply chain operators at the moment. Using a supply chain management system that is progressively against its competitors and they don’t even stop evolving. Pushing the limits of supply chain management, searching for and supporting better technology that promises to make its IT infrastructure more efficient. The company has 4 strategies driving its operations: * Becoming a truly global company * Solving Business Challenges * Leading on social issues * Keeping its culture strong Wal-Mart has also taken various initiatives in its approach towards its operations. Some of them include following: In 1992 Wal-Mart developed Ethical sourcing program to verify the products they sell are produced in a way that provides dignity and respect for workers in the supply chain, while protecting the environment. For eight straight years, Wal-Mart U.S. Logistics’ recordable injury rates have been below industry average. This year the entire Wal-Mart U.S. Logistics Network introduced an Enhanced Behavior Based Safety Program. Wal-Mart has implemented a Supplier Development Program, in which the Ethical Sourcing Team works closely with suppliers to improve working conditions in factories. Background of Wal-Mart Inc Based in Bentonville, Arkansas and founded by the legendary Sam Walton, Wal-Mart is the world’s largest retailer with more than 8,500 stores worldwide, including stores in all 50 states as well as international stores in Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico and the United Kingdom, as well as joint venture agreements in China and a stake in a leading Japanese retail chain. The company has over 2.2 million employees (known as â€Å"associates†). It was estimated that Wal-Mart served more than 200 million customers each week. Wal-Mart’s strategy is to provide a broad assortment of quality merchandise and services at â€Å"everyday low prices† (EDLP) and is best known for its discount stores, which offered merchandise such as apparel, small  appliances, housewares, electronics and hardware, but also ran combined discount and grocery stores (Wal-Mart Super Centers), membership-only warehouse stores (Sam’s Club), and smaller grocery stores (Neighborhood Markets). In the general merchandise area, Wal-Mart’s competitors included Sears and Target, with specialty retailers including Gap and Limited. Department store competitors included Dillard, Federated and J.C. Penney. Grocery store competitors included Kroger, Albertsons and Safeway. The major membership-only warehouse competitor was Costco Wholesale. The Development of Wal-Mart’s Supply Chain Before he started Wal-Mart Stores in 1962, Sam Walton owned a successful chain of stores under the Ben Franklin Stores banner, a franchisor of variety stores in the United States. Although he was under contract to purchase most of his merchandise requirements from Ben Franklin Stores, Walton was able to selectively purchase merchandise in bulk from new suppliers and then transport these goods to his stores directly. When Walton realized that a new trend, discount retailing — based on driving high volumes of product through low-cost retail outlets — was sweeping the nation, he decided to open up large, warehouse-style stores in order to compete. To stock his new warehouse-style stores, initially named â€Å"Wal-Mart Discount City,† Walton needed to step up his merchandise procurement efforts. As none of the suppliers were willing to send their trucks to his stores, which were located in rural Arkansas, self-distribution was necessary. The initial competitive advantage for Wal-Mart was its supply chain management. As Wal-Mart grew in the 1960s to 1980s, it benefited from improved road infrastructure and the inability of its competitors to react to changes in legislation, such as the removal of â€Å"resale price maintenance,† which had prevented retailers from discounting merchandise. A strong and efficient supply chain is the key to distribution and keeping their customers satisfied with the promise of â€Å"Everyday Low Prices.† Things within the supply chain in which Wal-Mart excelled at would include logistics, purchasing, retail decisions, and limiting the overall bullwhip effect of the supply chain. The key attributes to Wal-Mart’s hugely developed logistics department are Cross docking or direct transfers from inbound or outbound trailers without extra storage, Working with suppliers  to standardize case sizes and labeling. The cross docking system was originated by Wal-Mart, this innovation allows a distribution center to direct incoming shipments straight to a cross-docking system, products are delivered to a warehouse on a continual basis, where they are stored, repackaged, and distributed to stores without sitting in inventory. Goods â€Å"cross† from one loading dock to another, usually in 24 hours or less. While working with suppliers on labeling will increase efficiency in transporting goods from distribution centers to retail stores. Purchasing As his purchasing efforts increased in scale, Walton and his senior management team would make trips to buying offices in New York City, cutting out the middleman (wholesalers and distributors). Wal-Mart’s U.S. buyers, located in Bentonville, worked with suppliers to ensure that the correct mix of staples and new items were ordered. Over time, many of Wal-Mart’s largest suppliers had offices in Bentonville, staffed by analysts and managers supporting Wal-Mart’s business. In addition, Wal-Mart started sourcing products globally, opening the first of these offices in China in the mid-1980s. Wal-Mart’s international purchasing offices worked directly with local factories to source Wal-Mart’s private label merchandise. Private label sales at Wal-Mart, first developed in the 1980s, were believed to account for 20 per cent of 2005 sales. Private label products appealed to customers since they were often priced at a significant discount to brand name merch andise; for Wal-Mart, the private label items generated higher margins than did the suppliers’ branded products. Every quarter, buyers met in Bentonville to review new merchandise, exchange buying notes and tips and review a fully–merchandised prototype store, located within a warehouse. In order to gather field intelligence, buyers toured stores two or three days a week, working on the sales floors to help associates stock and sell merchandise. Wal-Mart wielded enormous power over its suppliers. For example, observers noted that increased bargaining clout was a contributing factor in Procter Gamble’s (PG) acquisition of chief rival Gillette. Prior to the acquisition, sales to Wal-Mart accounted for 17 per cent of PG’s revenues and 13 per cent of Gillette’s revenues. On the other hand, these two suppliers combined accounted for about eight per cent of Wal-Mart’s sales. Some viewed Wal-Mart’s close co-operation with  suppliers in a negative light. Wal-Mart dictates that its suppliers must accept payment entirely on Wal-Mart’s terms, share information all the way back to the purchasing of raw materials. Wal-Mart controls with whom its suppliers speak, how and where they can sell their goods and even encourages them to support Wal-Mart in its political fights. Wal-Mart all but dictates to suppliers where to manufacture their products, as well as how to design those products and what materials and ingredients to use in those products. When negotiating with its suppliers, Wal-Mart insisted on a single invoice price and did not pay for cooperative advertising, discounting or distribution. Globally, Wal-Mart is believed to have around 90,000 suppliers, of whom 200 — such as Nestle, PG, Unilever and Kraft — are key global suppliers. With Wal-Mart’s expectations on sales data analysis, category management responsibilities and external research specific to their Wal-Mart business, it was not uncommon for a s upplier to have several dozen employees working full-time to support the Wal-Mart business. All these steps have allowed Sam Walton’s empire to increase its company’s relationship with suppliers by using a collaboration planning, forecasting, and replenishment model. This will coincidently, along with the income smoothing of having everyday low costs, reduce the bullwhip effect, lower costs, increase capacity utilization, and improve customer service levels. The income smoothing concept is since Wal-Mart uses resourceful use of collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment it will sufficiently lower the bullwhip effect. This effect is caused by slight demand variables which are magnified as information moves back upstream from consumer back the raw materials in the supply chain. Another benefit of reducing the bullwhip effect and successful in its supply chain management techniques is reducing the uncertainty and lowering the amount of inventory needed in house. Uncertainty will have the negative effects of lateness and incomplete orders between Wal-Mart’s distribution centers. However in having a sufficient supply chain management system in place it will lower the amount of inventory needed in house and insure against supply chain uncertainty. Inbound Logistics Wal-Mart recognized the importance of controlling inbound logistics and expended considerable efforts in mastering this function. The company  acknowledged the value of controlling the inbound logistics, made it a company- wide mission, developed the technology required and teams were formed specifically to implement the mission. Today Wal-Mart has almost total inbound control of all DC-to-store shipments. Wal-Mart has decided to take this to next level by asking its vendors to directly ship to Wal-Mart DC’s. On implementation, this will provide Wal-Mart with greater control over the management of the logistics and more efficiency by taking over the vendor-to- DC leg and use those savings to further reduce prices. This will further help in better matching of demand and supply. Distribution Wal-Mart’s store openings were driven directly by its distribution strategy. Because its first distribution centre in the early 1970s was a significant investment for the firm, Walton insisted on saturating the area within a day’s driving distance of the distribution centers in order to gain economies of scale. Over the years, competitors copied this â€Å"hub-and-spoke† design of high volume distribution centers serving a cluster of stores. This distribution-led store expansion strategy persisted for the next two decades as Wal-Mart added thousands of U.S. stores, expanding across the nation from its headquarters in Arkansas. Stores were located in low-rent, suburban areas, close to major highways. In contrast, key competitor Kmart’s stores were thinly spread throughout the United States and were located in prime, urban areas. By the time the rest of the retail industry started to take notice of Wal-Mart in the 1980s, it had built up the most efficient lo gistics network of any retailer. Wal-Mart’s 75,000-person logistics division and its information systems division included the largest private truck fleet employee base of any firm — 7,800 drivers, who delivered the majority of merchandise sold at stores. Wal-Mart’s 114 U.S. distribution centers, located throughout the United States, were a mix of general merchandise, food and soft goods (clothing) distribution centers, processing over five billion cases a year through its entire network. Product was picked up at the suppliers’ warehouse by Wal-Mart’s in-house trucking division and was then shipped to Wal-Mart’s distribution centers. Shipments were generally cross-docked, or directly transferred, from inbound to outbound trailers without extra storage. To ensure that cases moved efficiently through the distribution centers, Wal-Mart worked with suppliers  to standardize case sizes and labeling. The average distance from distribution centre to stores was approximately 130 m iles. Each of these distribution centers was profiled in a store-friendly way, with similar products stacked together. Merchandise purchased directly from factories in offshore locations such as China or India was processed at coastal distribution centers before shipment to U.S. stores. On the way back from stores, Wal-Mart’s trucks generated â€Å"back-haul† revenue by transporting unsold merchandise on trucks that would be otherwise empty. Wal-Mart’s backhaul revenues — its private fleet operated as a for-hire carrier when it was not busy transporting merchandise from distribution centers to stores — were more than US$1 billion per year. Because its trucking employees were non-unionized and in-house, Wal-Mart was able to implement and improve upon standard delivery procedures, coordinating and deploying the entire fleet as necessary. Uniform operating standards ensured that miscommunication between traffic coordinators, truckers and store level employees was minimized. Wal-Mart improve the efficiency of its private fleet by almost 69 percent in 2012 compared to its 2005 baseline. Throughout their network they delivered 65 million more cases, while driving 28 million fewer miles, by increasing their pallets per trailer and managin g their routes. The heavier loads have minimal impact on their fuel efficient equipment, which includes an average tractor age of three years and the addition of more than 13,000 skirted trailers. The network efficiency improvement equates to avoiding nearly 41000 metric tons of CO2 emissions, the equivalent of taking about 7900 cars off the road. Continued enhancements in routing and scheduling software, coupled with advancements in GPS and mobile technologies are helping in better management of routes. Wal-Mart has also shown improved efficiency by focusing on the problem of backhauls. In 2011 alone with focusing on backhauls, the practice of picking up a load from a vendor and delivering to the distribution centers, rather than running an empty truck between the store and distribution center, saved more than 56000 trips. From 2005 to 2008 Wal-Mart increase the fuel efficiency in the private fleet by 38%. Much of this fuel efficiency was achieved through technology and the use of more aerodynamic trucks. They looked at alternative fuels, auxiliary power units and aerodynamic fairings on both tractors and trailers. Wal-Mart not only uses the technology to track the location of the rigs, they track the fuel  burn and monitor the driver’s right foot, gear selection and other driver decisions. Altering driver behavior is the next frontier of driving more fuel efficiency. Wal-Mart’s published goal is to double the truck fleet efficiency by October of 2015, so in 5 years they expect to almost double what they achieved between 2005 and 2008. Theres many ways to skin the fuel efficiency cat. One clear methodology is to run fewer empty miles. According to Wal-Marts own press their efforts to reduce empty miles and optimizing how merchandise is stacked in the trailers the private fleet logged 87 million fewer miles in 2008 while transporting 161,000 more cases, allowing the comp any to save 15,000,000 gallons of diesel fuel. Investments in GPS-based routing applications, strong load optimization tools for load planning and cube utilization, developing new loading practices, all will help improve costs. Reducing package size and increasing â€Å"value density† helps reduce miles. Wal-Mart is working hard to reduce packaging by 5% by 2013. But packaging does not even touch on the impact of improved value density. As the product mix changes and the cost of products continue to decline, Wal-Mart is challenged to get even more product into less space, not only of transport, but for warehousing and store space. Detergent formulations that reduce the water content, package redesigns that change the shape of the cartons to increase the count loaded onto the truck, carton designs that reduce the â€Å"dead space† around the product but sill provide the protection needed, all of these efforts will directly reduce transit cost and carbon footprint. Retail Strategy Wal-Mart’s first stores were filled with merchandise that had been bought by Walton in bulk, as he was convinced that a new trend — discounting merchandise off the suggested retail price — was here to stay. In the 1960s, Wal-Mart grew rapidly as customers were attracted by its assortment of low-priced products. Over time, the company copied the merchandise assortment strategies of other retailers, mostly through observation as a result of store visits. To generate additional volume, Wal-Mart buyers worked with suppliers on price rollback campaigns. Price rollbacks, each lasting about 90 days, were funded by suppliers, with the goal of increasing product sales between 200 and 500 per cent. The company also ensured that its store-level operations were at least as efficient as its logistics  operations. The stores were simply furnished and constructed using standard materials. Efforts were made to continually reduce operating costs. For example, light and temperature settings for all U.S. stores were controlled centrally from Bentonville. As Wal-Mart distribution centers had close to real-time information on each store’s in-stock levels, the merchandise could be pushed to stores automatically. In addition, store-level information systems allowed manufacturers to be notified as soon as an item was purchased. In anticipation of changes in demand for some items, associates had the authority to manually input orders or override impending deliveries. In contrast, most of Wal-Mart’s retail competitors did not confer merchandising responsibility to entry-level employees as merchandising templates were sent to stores through head office and were expected to be followed precisely. To ensure that employees were kept up-to-date, management shared detailed information about day/week/month store sales with all employees during daily 10-minute-long â€Å"standing† meetings. The display of merchandise was suggested by a storewide template, with a unique template for each store, indicating the layout of Wal-Mart’s various departments. This template was created by Wal-Mart’s merchandising department, after analyzing historical store sales and community traits. Associates were free to alter the merchandising template to fit their local store requirements. Shelf space in Wal-Mart’s different departments — from shoes to household appliances to automotive supplies — was divided up, each spot allocated to specific SKUs. Each Wal-Mart store aimed to be the â€Å"store of the community,† tailoring its product mix to appeal to the distinct tastes of that community. Thus, two Wal-Mart Stores a short distance apart could potentially stock different merchandise. In contrast, most other retailers made purchasing decisions at the district or regional level. In order to harness the knowledge of its suppliers, key category suppliers, called â€Å"category captains,† were introduced in the late 1980s, and they provided input on shelf space allocation. Information Systems Walton had always been interested in gathering and analyzing information about his company operations. As early as 1966, when Walton had 20 stores, he attended an IBM school in upstate New York with the intent of hiring the smartest person in the class to come to Bentonville to computerize his  operations. Even with a growing network of stores in the 1960s and 1970s, Walton was able to personally visit and keep track of operations in each one, due to his use of a personal airplane, which he used to observe new construction development (to determine where to place stores) and to monitor customer traffic (by observing how full the parking lot was). In the mid-1980s, Wal-Mart invested in a central database, store-level point-of-sale systems, and a satellite network. Combined with one of the retail industry’s first chain-wide implementation of UPC bar codes, store-level information could now be collected instantaneously and analyzed. By combining sales data with external information such as weather forecasts, Wal-Mart was able to provide additional support to buyers, improving the accuracy of its purchasing forecasts. In the early 1990s, Wal-Mart developed Retail Link. At an estimated 570 terabytes — which Wal-Mart claimed was larger than all the fixed pages on the Internet — Retail Link was the largest civilian database in the world. Retail Link contained data on every sale made at the company during a two-decade period. Wal-Mart gave its suppliers access to real-time sales data on the products they supplied, down to individual stock-keeping items at the store level. In exchange for providing suppliers access to these data, Wal-Mart expected them to proactively monitor and replenish product on a continual basis. In 1990, Wal-Mart became one of the early adopters of collaborative planning, forecasting and replenishment (CPRF), an integrated approach to planning and forecasting by sharing critical supply chain information, such data on promotions, inventory levels and daily sales.15 Wal-Mart’s vendor-managed inventory (VMI) program (also known as continuous replenishment) required suppliers to manage inventory levels at the company’s distribution centers, based on agreed-upon service levels. The VMI program started with PG diapers in the late 1980s and, by 2006, had expanded to include many suppliers and SKUs.16 In some situations, particularly grocery products, suppliers owned the inventory in Wal-Mart stores up to the point that the sale was scanned at checkout. To support this inventory management effort, supplier analysts worked closely with Wal-Mart’s supply chain personnel to co-ordinate the flow of products from suppliers’ factories and resolved any supply chain issues, from routine issues such as ensuring that products were  ready for pickup by Wal-Mart’s trucks, and arranging for the return of defective products, to last-minute issues such as managing sudden spikes in demand for popular items. When Wal-Mart buyers met, on a frequent basis, with a supplier’s sales teams, two important topics of review were the supplier’s out-of-stock rate and inventory levels at Wal-Mart, indications of how well replenishment was being handled. Suppliers were provided with targets for out-of stock rates and inventory levels. In addition to managing short-term inventory and discussing product trends, Wal-Mart worked with suppliers on medium- to long-term supply chain strategy including factory location, co-operation with downstream raw materials suppliers and production volume forecasting. Wal-Mart’s satellite network, in addition to receiving and transmitting point-of-sale data, also provided senior management with the ability to broadcast video messages to the stores. Although the bulk of senior management lived and worked in Bentonville, Arkansas, frequent video broadcasts to each store in their network kept store employees informed of the latest developments in the firm. In an effort to emulate Wal-Mart’s ability to share information with suppliers, Wal-Mart’s competitors relied on a system similar to Retail Link. Agentrics LLC, a software service provider, developed, in conjunction with several of global retailers, a software platform called â€Å"Retail Interface,† which collectedstore level sales data which could then be shared with suppliers. Agentrics’ customer base included many of the world’s top retailers – including Carrefour, Tesco, Metro, Costco, Kroger and Walgreen’s – who were also investor s in Agentrics. Human Resources By visiting each store and by encouraging associates to contribute ideas, Walton was able to uncover and disperse best practices across the company in the 1960s and 1970s. To ensure that best practices were implemented as soon as possible, Walton held regular â€Å"Saturday morning meetings,† which convened his top management team in Bentonville. At 7 a.m. each Saturday, the week’s business results were discussed, and merchandising and purchasing changes were implemented. Store layout resets were managed on the weekend, and the renovated stores were ready by Monday morning. Walton and his management team often toured competitors’ stores, looking for new ideas to â€Å"borrow.† Wal-Mart believed that centralization had numerous benefits, including lower  costs and improved communications between different divisions. All of Wal-Mart’s divisions, from U.S. stores, International, Sam’s Club, to its logistics and information systems division were located in Bentonville, a town of 28,000 people in Northwest Arkansas. Regional managers and in-country presidents were the few executives who were stationed outside of Bentonville. Another key to Wal-Mart’s ability to enjoy low operating costs was the fact that it was non-union. Without cumbersome labor agreements, management could take advantage of technology to drive labor costs down and make operational changes quickly and efficiently. Being non-union, however, had its drawbacks. As its store network encroached on the territory of unionized –grocers, unions, such as the United Food and Commercial Workers’ Union, started to become more aggressive in their anti-Wal-Mart publicity campaigns, funding so-called grassroots groups whose goals were to undermine Wal-Mart’s expansion. Wal-Mart’s size also made it a target for politicians: every stumble was magnified and played up in the press. Two of Wal-Mart’s key supply chain improvement initiatives included â€Å"Remix† and RFID (radio frequency identification tags).

Essays --

The People of the State of Michigan v. Ricky F. Smith is a court case where Mr. Smith’s juvenile record came into consideration during sentencing as an adult. Ricky F. Smith had an extensive criminal background as a minor. According to 437 Mich. 293, 470 N.W. 2d 70, defendant Ricky Smith had twelve criminal entries on his juvenile record. The twelve entries included seven prior felonies, three misdemeanors and two memorandums of charges. As an adult, Ricky Smith was arrested for breaking and entering with the intent to commit larceny as an adult. During the sentencing of the breaking and entering, as an adult, the judge took into account the alleged expunged juvenile record of the defendant. The Judge said that the sentence was imposed because Smith's record included seven prior felonies and three misdemeanors, and he viewed the sentence as appropriate to punish Smith, to protect society, and to deter others from committing like offenses. As a result Smith was sentenced un der a habitual offender statute that required a mandatory six to thirty years in prison (leagle.com, n.d.). Ricky Smith immediately appealed his sentence claiming that he would have only served a sentence of three and a half to ten years on the breaking and entering charge; however the presiding judge vacated that sentence and moved further with the habitual offender charge which carried a heavier sentence. Mr. Smith’s counsel appealed the lower court’s decision to the Michigan Court of Appeals on grounds that he was entitled to be resentenced because his earlier sentence was based on a â€Å"presentence investigation report† that contained a reference to his juvenile criminal record. According to Smith, this juvenile record should have been automatically ex... ...by counsel or waived representation. This construction would permit the probate court to maintain its own housekeeping system without imposing a "secondary source" rule on probation officers and trial Judges (leagle.com, n.d.). The court also recognized a modern view of sentencing and showed that a particular sentence is to balance of society’s need for protection and maximizing the rehabilitation of the offender. In order to do this, a judge must view the juvenile court history to reveal patterns of law breaking in an effort to reach an informed sentencing decision. The Court of Appeals, led by Justices Cavanaugh, C.J. and Binkly concurred with a decision to reverse and remand the case. Resource: leagle.com. (n.d.). People v. smith. Retrieved from http://www.leagle.com/xmlResult.aspx?page=1&xmldoc=1991730437Mich293_1713.xml&docbase=CSLWAR2-1986-2006&SizeDisp=7

Costco Value Chain Analysis Essay

Introduction The aim of the SSP is to identify a firm in a competitive industry, and propose solutions to the problems it faces.   The paper covers corporate strategic thinking, complexity analysis, systems thinking, and sustainability analysis. The major problem addressed in the paper is Costco’s ability to develop a suitable value chain, which can increases profitability and maximize shareholder’s value.   Costco is one of the leading global retailers, specialized in selling a wide range of merchandise, ranging from local to international brands. The tools presented in this paper provides Costco with an opportunity for transforming its business activities relative to the industry rivals, with the aim of creating profits and raising the company’s value. Executive Summary The paper has two major parts. The first part applies traditional strategic thinking, which includes applying the complexity analysis of key issues affecting Costco and a sustainability analysis. These tools address the challenges surrounding Costco’s business operations and profitability.   The first part includes stakeholder identification and value analysis, general forces analysis, value chain analysis, SWOT analysis, key factors to success analysis and Porter’s five forces analysis. The second part is a complexity analysis of Costco, which includes industry evolution modeling, action plan analysis, Boid analysis, Life Cycle Assessment and Sustainable Framework Analysis. Analyzing the Company Strategy Type Action Plan Analysis Costco’s current strategy originates from its mission and vision. The company pursues three of the four generic strategies, which are low cost leadership, customer relationship and differentiation. These three exposes the company’s strategic intent thinking to achieve global leadership.   A keen Alignment and Goals analysis shows that employees at Costco support the company’s strategy. However, the employees have the required skills to make the strategy work, and on top of this, they are well paid and motivated. Costco’s action plan analysis can increase profit margin to 18 percent and operating profit margin to 10 percent by 2017 (Farfan, 2010). Boid Analysis Industry Evolution Modeling The Boid analysis reveals three major rules governing the retail industry, which Costco values. The first one is to have a customer driven focus through adding value to the product mix. The second one is to maintain a flexible pricing strategy, and offering promotion services to customers. The third one is to adopt global cultural changes through adapting to clients preferences changes. This means delivering specific services and products to a particular culture or country. The Industry Evolution Modeling analysis reveals Costco’s determination to advance and match with the new ways of doing business. The company can improve its industrial positioning by coming up with premier membership requirement. It is clear that Costco forgo short-term profits for long-term stability and viability and increasing shareholders’ wealth.   In addition to this, Costco slowly adopts new technology that draws customer attention and can expand development initiatives and research (Bloomberg, 2011). Life Cycle Assessment Sustainable Value Framework Analysis The Life Cycle Assessment for Costco shows that Costco understands the environmental risks which originate from warehouse operations.   Costco tries to mitigate the risks associated with the environment such as loss of reputation caused by not obeying environmental rules. Costco monitors the reports on four major greenhouse gases which are carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, hydro fluorocarbons and methane. The Sustainable Value Framework provides an internal and external focus for what is happening today and what might happen tomorrow. This roadmaps a given strategy and drives success and is associated with a given payoff. Costco’s internal sustainability for today is to prevent pollution, minimize material consumption, and reduce waste. The payoff is reducing business costs and risks. For tomorrow, Costco’s internal strategy must reduce carbon footprint, create a cleaner technology, and avoid environmental disruption. The payoffs for this are competitive repositioning and further innovation (McKinsey, 2012). The external sustainable for today focuses on transparency, connectivity and drawing attention of the civil society. The pay offs are social legitimacy and increased brand reputation. For tomorrow, the external strategy ought to address depletion of resources, poverty and climate change, and the payoffs would be trajectory for permanent growth. Detailed Analysis of All Quadrants The information presented above reveals that Costco can improve its profitability by focusing on the four quadrants. To achieve permanent growth, the company must participate in campaigns that are aimed at preventing resource depletion and climate change. This way, Costco’s brand image will become popular among the members of the public, which can increase its customer base and hence profitability. Table 2: Sustainable Value Framework    Today Future External Strategy: Sustainability Vision- Costco’s code of Ethics, Community relations, Greenhouse Gas Elimination Programmes. Payoff: Sustainability in long-term growth. Strategy: Product Stewardship- Costco’s sustainable Packaging and Reducing materials Payoff: Increased reputation, and Brand Legitimacy. Internal Strategy: Clean Technology- building Construction mission, and Silver LEED Certification Payoff: Strengthening positioning and innovative buildings for future viability. Strategy: Preventing Pollution- Costco Energy programme. Payoff: Low costs associated with warehouse facilities.    Conclusions Costco tries to operate in accordance with its mission and vision in order to meet performance goals. The company strives for sustainable future. It does this by coming up with programs that can cut costs and reduce pollution. Costco’s expansion to global markets seems limited. In addition the company has a strict Code of ethics when establishing partnerships. Costco continuously offer discount services to its buyers. From the above analysis, it is clear that Costco aims at long-term growth other than short-term profitability. This explains why it short-term profits margins are smaller compared to that of its competitors, Wal-Mart and Target Corporation. References Bloomberg Business Daily (2011, November 24).  Costco Wholesale Corp.  Retrieved from http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/financials/ratios.asp?ticker=COST Farfan, B. (2010, September 10). 2012 Retail Store Closings Roundup: U.S. Retailers Closing or Liquidating Stores: Complete list of U.S. Retail Chains Downsizing or Going out of Business in 2012.  About.com. Retrieved from http://retailindustry.about.com/od/storeclosingsandopenings/a/2012-Store-Closings-US-Retail-Industry-Liquidations-Roundup-Chains-Going-Out-Business.htm McKinsey & Company. (2012). The value proposition in multichannel retailing. Retrieved from https://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/The_value_proposition_in_multichannel_retailing_2800      

It s Winter Vacation, What Better Way You Spend It Than...

It’s winter vacation, what better way to spend it than at Disneyland? Well, last year that might not have been the case. A measles outbreak spread through six American states, Mexico, and Canada nearly infecting 150 people, but thankfully no one died. However, the majority of those infected were unvaccinated. Every year, vaccines prevent as much as 14 million illnesses and 33,000 deaths. At one point, the measles virus had been almost completely eradicated, as well as smallpox and polio, but these diseases are now quickly reappearing, and outbreaks are happening more frequently. As vaccine exemptions increase, the amount of cases only increases with it. Without vaccines, thousands of people would die, and unnecessary cases would spread†¦show more content†¦Many parents fear that vaccinations will negatively affect their child due to the number of side effects vaccines have the potential to inflict. For example, six vaccines have been linked to anaphylaxis—a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction (Mercola). Common side effects of vaccines include, but ar e not limited to, tenderness, fatigue, redness, fever, itching, headaches, muscle aches, loss of appetite, and fainting. Some more serious side effects include seizures, deafness, comas, organ failure, and of course, death (Possible Side-effects). However, what people don’t understand is that the more serious side effects are extremely rare, and it is more likely that someone will die from a falling asteroid or a lightning strike than to develop one of these serious side effects (Geggel). Vaccines were created to stop illnesses, not cause them. Impressively, vaccines prevent more than 2.5 million deaths every year, but there were just over one hundred vaccine related deaths last year (Lopez). Although vaccine side effects do exist, the benefits largely outweigh the risks. Aside from the side effects, anti-vaccinators are supposedly repelled by what vaccines are grown on, and what they are created from. A common misconception is that vaccines are made using aborted fetuses. Vaccines do not contain fetuses, but they are sometimes grown on aborted fetuses.